societhf Oppressive Societies :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Huck Finn and Oppressive Societies The world in which we live in now is much less oppressive than say the world lived in the middle of the 1800's. Up until the Civil War, the South depended on their 'peculiar institution' of slavery, in order to be productive a successful. Most people believed slavery was not wrong, but those who thought otherwise seldom tried to alter it. In general if surrounded by oppressive environment, one does not usually try to make a difference in that world. This is because people are afraid to defend what is right against a whole mass of people who believe otherwise. Huck Finn in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Billy Budd in Billy Budd, and Frederick Douglass in his autobiography all portray individuals who because of their good, innocent qualities go up against the oppression in their society. Living in an oppressive society does not always draw you to do the wrong thing you are still capable of generating change, whether it be for a certain individual or against a whole mass of people. Billy Budd starts off on the ship the "Rights of Man", Melville obviously showing his intent in the naming of the first ship. This shows that on this ship where Billy wanted to be and chose to be he had rights. That he and the other crew had choices of what to do and how to be. Then along comes the British navy and decides that they are going to take Billy aboard their ship "Power of War". This is when Billy is brought into an oppressive society. This is the navy and wartime during which rules must be followed as well as a lifestyle that must be followed. Billy is a poor innocent boy with a childish stutter. This stutter shows Billy's humane side, a flaw, as well as leading you to the thinking that he has the innocence of a child. This stutter is connected to innocence because of its childish qualities. When most children begin speaking they have some sort of stutter, which usually goes away. The stutter parallels innocence because it is showing that you are just learning how to talk and don't really comprehend the correct way to make sounds, as you grow older you learn and the stutter disappears.

evilmac Macbeths Profound Evil Essay -- Macbeth essays

Macbeth's Profound Evil      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When the audience experiences Macbeth by William Shakespeare, it is subjected to a heavy dose of evil in the form of intent and actions by the witches, by Lady Macbeth and by Macbeth.    L.C. Knights in the essay "Macbeth" specifies the particular species of evil present within the play:    Macbeth defines a particular kind of evil - the evil that results from a lust for power. The defining, as in all the tragedies, is in strictly poetic and dramatic terms. It is certainly not an abstract formulation, but lies rather in the drawing out of necessary consequences and implications of that lust both in the external and the spiritual worlds. (93)    D. F. Bratchell in Shakespearean Tragedy delineates the specific type of evil within the tragedy:    Long regarded as a profound vision of evil, Macbeth differs from the other Shakespearean tragedies in that the evil is transferred from the villain to the hero; not that Shakespeare's tragic figures are ever conceived in the simplistic tones of black and white. Although the Elizabethans took liberties with Aristotle's dictum that tragedy does not deal with the overthrow of a bad character, it would be accepted by them that concentration on the evil deed itself does not constitute tragedy. (132-33)    In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson emphasizes the evil coexisting with traces of good in the play:    He is capable of gentleness and generosity: there is a tender human love between him and his wife, though they are both abandoned to evil; we may recall the relation between Claudius and Gertrude, and Shakespeare's capacity for seeing some goodness even in wicked people. (77)    R... ...n Women Reading Shakespeare 1660-1900. Ann Thompson and Sasha Roberts, eds. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1997.    Kermode, Frank. "Macbeth." The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1972.    Knights, L.C. "Macbeth." Shakespeare: The Tragedies. A Collectiion of Critical Essays. Alfred Harbage, ed. Englewwod Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964.    Mack, Maynard. Everybody's Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.    Warren, Roger. Shakespeare Survey 30.   N.p.: n.p., 1977. Pp. 177-78. Rpt. in Shakespeare in the Theatre: An Anthology of Criticism. Stanley Wells, ed. England: Oxford University Press, 2000.    Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1957.

Erp at Hp

Subject: Managing The Value Chain Name: ALOK KUMAR GUPTA Enrollment No. 6010091106380 ERP IMPLEMENTATION FAILURE AT HP (ITYS045) a. Analyze the limitation of IT project management. Discuss the importance of business contingency plans for enterprise projects. Justify your answer taking the example of HP b. Examine the implementation of the ERP migration failure considering HP’s role as a third party implementer of SAP’s supply chain solutions. Can HP use this ERP implementation failure to its strategic advantage? Why / why not?Give reason for your answer HP announced that their revenue has gone down by 5% to $3. 4bn for the 3rd quarter ended July 2004. The reason proposed was due to the problem faced during the migration to the centralized ERP system. The total financial impact due to the failure was $160mn Project management is a term including scheduling, cost control and budget management, resource allocation, collaboration software, communication, quality management and documentation of administration systems, which are used to deal with the complexity of large projects.Limitation of IT project management: It requires proper training and knowledge about the project With single backbone, failure would be service Difficulty in finding our programming errors and their rectification For successful implementation of IT projects management, defining the requirement developing a plan, and implementing it with technology is a difficult task Creating a cross-functional team is a difficult task A contingency plan is a plan devised for a specific situation when things ould go wrong. Contingency plans are often devised by business who wants to be prepared for anything that could happen as â€Å"Back-up plans† â€Å"worst-case scenario plans† Scrap situation or Plan B Contingency plans include specific strategies and actions to deal with specific variances to assumptions resulting in a particular problem, emergency or state of affairs. They al so include a monitoring process and triggers for initiating planned actions.They are required to help governments, business or individuals to recover from serious incidents in the minimum time with minimum cost and disruption. Technical glitches were small but contingencies planning were not addressed appropriately on SAP R/3 Implementation. Original Objectives were: Shorter lead & delivery time, Cost saving and Global Distribution system In 1993, HP’s BCMO unit began with the implementation with several modules like – MM, PP, FI, CO. FI & CO modules were implementation on global basis & SD implemented as part of pilot project.By 1998, major migration to SAP R/3 completed. Major benefit are (i) Reduce huge cost incurred on IT support, (ii) all programs run on single browser, (iii) Eliminate need to create custom SAP interface, (iv) Greater speed in implementation and (v) With an option of query which would make it easier to use. Questions were raised on failure of HP i mplementing ERP, as it was a consultant for SAP ERP implementation. HP’s responsibility as a consultant was to prevent the execution problems faced by the implementation Co. n which it itself failed While conducting an internal serve, HP revealed that there has been execution problem and not the fault of SAP ERP Migration Failure: There are several reasons for failure but the most popular one is project management. To justify this argument a study by Sweat (1998) revealed that despite project managers knowing the importance of considering critical success factors in ERP implementations, 75% of the implementations were regarded as failure by the organizations themselves. This is purely because roject managers give least importance to these critical success factors during the implementation of an ERP package. Being an ERP project manager is very challenging and literature shows us there have been many cases where things have gone wrong because of incorrect approach. According t o Scott (1999) FoxMeyer was the fourth largest drugs distributor in the United States with a turnover of $5. 5 billion dollars, in 1996 FoxMeyer claimed bankruptcy and in 1998 sued the ERP vendor for causing its bankruptcy.The problem with them was they did not adopt many of the critical success factors required in the implementation of an ERP project. The following are causes of the migration failure Project team constitution Date integration problem Demand forecasting problems Poor planning & improper testing Inadequate implementation support / training Analysts commented that the HP’s culture did not support the much active involvement of employees also company ignored valuable suggestion from employees.Company staff had warned HP but it was not possible for it to continue with the tradition system and also suggested for a back-up system but company turned deaf ears over that many Vice-president had joined the rival Company and also many employees had a fear of been laid o ff. Learning from Failure: Implementation failure can impact overall business performance there is no standard approach to implement ERP, many times it involves a business change in many departments. Therefore otherwise it might miss out the objectives.The success of implementation depends upon the planning, which considers the business process along with the technical aspects. The potential benefits to the supply chain are much bigger than the IT costs and the potential risk to the supply chain is also much bigger. The success of ERP implementation also depends upon the ability to align IT along with the business management objectives, program management skills and a well defined process. There should be a manual back-up as a contingency plan and There should be no cross-functional barriers and should create effective processes and teams creative team.HR issues in ERP migration failure at HP Inadequate training time to develop ones skill in the new system, Refresher training was of no use because of Backlogs, Active involvement of employees was not allowed in the company, Valuable suggestions from the employees was ignored, Distrust of upper management. This ignorance created dissatisfaction among employees; Upper management perceived to be overpaid inefficient; Culture divide within the company Non Co-operation within IT team & business team. These all led to High Attrition Work culture differences between HP & Compaq leading to incompatibility between departments.Dealing with the issue: Encourage employees to participate and take their suggestions seriously, make them feel to be valuable assets, an equal merge of culture and remove cultural differences, Co-operative between front end & back end, More time imparted to training programs & motivates them to learn more. Conclusion: Am employee is a valuable Assets & â€Å"A satisfied employee is a productive employee† Examine the implementation of the ERP migration failure considering HP’s role as a consultant for SAP’s supply chain implementations. Can HP use this ERP implementation failure to its strategic advantages?Why / why not? Implementations are as follows: About 20% of the orders failure failed to move from the legacy system to the new one due to programming errors. HP was able to fix this within a month but orders began to backlog. Backlogs counted to us $ 160mn. Revenues down by 5% Analysts raised credibility of HP as a consultant for SAP. The company had to direct orders through flight to speed up order fulfillment Hence added expenses. Customers were unhappy and there were continuous complaints about delayed processing, configuration and duplicated orders. Hence HP could not prove itself in this fieldERP implementation failure-strategic advantage If HP blamed all the failure at SAP then HP would loose its edge over IBM. The company’s corporate strategic policy was based on the adaptive enterprise concept and its rival IBM concept was based on On-de mand computing The adaptive enterprise from HP is designed to assist organization with their RTI to harmonize the processes between the core business and IT operations Constant retooling of the corporate infra-structure to meet the demands of a dynamic enterprise has led to the evaluation of real-time infrastructure.Developed contingency plans to devise solutions for upcoming problems. Hence development of contingencies plans for ERP project is a must To prevent the reoccurrence of such a failure, there was a need to integrate business and technology. Customers Company should remove barriers to create effective and cross-functional processes and teams that were truly integrated. Increase dependency between among teams’ i. e. front end and back end. Approach should be afresh and should not try to map with previous implementation.Well planned, appropriate training and better employment Implement with technology integration. Improve the planning and the testing More effort and b etter forecasting needed. Remarks: Having discussed failures and implications, we have also looked at the benefits ERP can bring and that is the reason organizations still prefer to adopt an ERP system but there is a problem. As we have reviewed the literature, it is evident that there is still a gap in successful ERP implementations.The gap mainly stands from the perspective of project management and in particular from the project manager’s perspective. This review has produced the main research question that requires an answer: â€Å"How can we implement ERP successfully† The answer to this question depends on what research methodology we adopt in order to produce our primary and secondary analysis so that we can carry out an assessment of our findings to be able to answer this question from theory and practice.

Corporations today Essay

In the United States today there are millions of corporations in many different industries. All of them must abide by the current taxation rules and regulations that have been set by IRS and congress. The Internal Revenue Code, which was originally founded in 1939, set the foundation for the codification that we have in place today. The code arranged all Federal Tax provisions in a logical order and placed them in a separate part of the federal status. Over the years, congress has updated and amended the tax code in 1954, in 1986 Tax Reform Act, and is constantly updating the code due to its importance in assessing judicial and administrative decisions. The arrangement of the code is broken down starting with a Subtitle, broken down into chapter, subchapter, part, and then section (2). It is extremely important for Corporations today to make sure they understand the tax code so they can be aware of the benefits and consequences that may arise in daily business transactions. Asset and property transactions are a large of certain corporations day-to-day operations. Normally property and asset transactions will produce tax consequences if a gain or loss is realized. A transfer of property to a corporation in exchange for equity creates the grounds for a taxable sale and the amount to be recognized but there are exceptions to the rule (4). The code does provide exceptions to the rule and allows ways around recognizing a gain or loss upon the transfer of property to a corporation. Section 351(a) is one exception to the rule. The general rule states, â€Å"No gain or loss shall be recognized if property is transferred to a corporation by one or more persons solely in exchange for stock in such corporation and immediately after the exchange such person or persons are in control (as defined in section 368(c)) of the corporation†, according the internal revenue code (1). The idea and principal behind the rule is based on the transfer of property and isn’t a closed transaction because a transferor has not cashed in the position in the transferred property. Instead, the person continues to own the transferred property throughout ownership of the transferee corporation stock and there has just been a change in the form of ownership. Congress believes that tax rules should not hinder firms from making business decisions, hence why section 351 was written (10). In order for section 351 to be used and applied there are 3 items that must be met for the transaction to be considered for the non- recognition treatment. The first requirement is that there must be a transfer of â€Å"property† to a corporation. It is very important that corporations understand the definition of property because in the past issues have arose. Plant, Property, Equipment, installment obligations, and unrealized receivables of cash basis are all considered as property. The main property exclusion in the code is that services are not considered as property (6)(11). Another requirement is that the transferors must receive common or preferred stock that is not qualified preferred stock of the transferee corporation. Non-qualified preferred stock is not permitted because it has similarities to debt instruments. Stock warrants and stock rights are also excluded and would be treated as boot (7)(11). The third requirement that must be met in order for a corporation to use section 351 is that once the transfer is complete, the transferors must be in control of the transferee corporation within the meaning of section 368(c). Control means that the people involved must own a minimum of 80 percent of the total combined voting power and numbers of shares of stock. The two criteria for control both must be satisfied as per Rev. Ruling 59-259. Section 351 is a mandatory transaction if a transaction meets the provisions requirements as per Gus Russell, Inc. v. Commissioner, 36 T.C. 965 (1961)(8). If and when all of the section 351(a) requirements are met, the transferor will not recognize a gain or loss on the transfer property to the corporation. During the transaction, if the transferor receives boot, section 351(b) requires them to recognize the gain (capital, long-term, or short-term) equal to the lessor of the gain that would be recognized under section 1001 if the transferor were treated as selling property transferred and the fair market value of the boot received. Under section 351(b)(2), no such loss of any realized loss to be recognized (4)(8). There are situations where once the 351(a) factors are met, a transferor will transfer stock received to someone outside of the control group, and then the requirement after might not be met. A transferor might distribute some of the control received to the shareholders after the requirement based on 351(c). This type of distribution can be taxable to both the shareholders and the distributing corporation. Section 351(c) also relates to situations where there has been a transfer of stock to a corporation in a section 355 transactions (7). Section 351(c)(2) allows shareholders to dispose of all or part of the transfers stock without preventing the corporations Section 351 transaction from satisfying the â€Å" control immediate after† requirement (4). Section 351(d) states that there are times when services, certain indebtedness, and accrued interest not treated as property as per James v. Commissioner, 53 T.C. 63 (1969); cf. Hospital Corporation of America v. Commissioner, 81 T.C. 520 (1983). An example of this would be receiving stock for legal services (11). Even though there are major benefits to meeting the requirements of section 351, one of them being the ability to permit shareholders of a corporation to defer recognition of a gain or loss on the transfer of assets to the corporation, there are also times that it will be advantageous for a corporation to avoid using Section 351 for tax planning purposes (9). A transferor might want to be able to recognize the gain if it will not negatively affect them. If a transferor is in a low tax bracket or the gain could be a beneficial capital gain that could be offset with capital losses, they might not want to use section 351. Another scenario where it could be an advantage not to use section 351 would be if the transferor wanted to allow for immediate loss recognition. There are alternatives for a transferor who would like to recognize the loss (3). Back in March of 2005, the IRS and treasury department proposed a â€Å"net value† regulation to address the application of several non-recognition provisions to the code. The idea behind the proposal was to add the concept of â€Å"exchange of net value† requirement to Sections 332, 351, and 368(6). The reason being that a â€Å"net value† is appropriate because a transfer of property in exchange for the assumption of liabilities resembles a sale and should not be afforded. For the purposes of section 351, stock would not be treated as issued property unless the fair market value of the assets of the transferor corporation exceeds the amount of its liability immediately after the transfer (5). In conclusion, corporations need to make sure that they understand the tax codes and regulations that are set in place by the internal revenue code. Section 351 is a very interesting section and should be used in tax planning with corporations that are involved with property and asset transactions will that will produce tax consequences if a gain or loss is realized (2). In order for a corporation to use the section, all three preliminary requirements must be met. Just like any code section there are advantages and disadvantages of meeting the requirements and applying the code section to a corporation. Going forward it will be interesting to see if there will be any changes or amendments in the near future based on new court rulings. Works Cited Page (1) 26 USC Treas. Reg.  § 1.351 (2) Hoffman, Raabe, Smith, and Maloney. Corporations, Partnerships, Estates and Trusts. N.p.: South-Western, 2012. Print. (3) Richardson, William M. â€Å"Opportunities and Pitfalls Under Sections 351 and 721.† Opportunities and Pitfalls Under Sections 351 and 721. Willam and Mary, n.d. Web. (4) â€Å"Internal Revenue Code Section 351.† Www.bradfordtaxinstitute.com/Endnotes/IRC_Section_351.pdf. Bradford Tax Institute, n.d. Web. (5) Silverman, and Johnson. â€Å"Assessing the Value of the Proposed â€Å"No Net Value† Regulations.† Steptoe and Johnson LLP, 6 Oct. 2006. Web. (6) Jegen. â€Å"Section F-2033 – Income Taxation Of Corporations And Shareholders – Income Tax Effects.† Www.iupui.edu/†¦Tax/F-2033-EH.C&S.Tax.Effs.Of.Incorp.Pro.pdf. N.p., n.d. Web. (7) Leong, Lisa. â€Å"Section 351.–Transfer to Corporation Controlled by Transferor.† Associate Chief Counsel, n.d. Web. (8) Wells -Hall, C. â€Å"Tax Considerations of Transfers to and Distributions from the C or S Corporation.† Mayer, Brown, Rowe and Maw LLP, n.d. Web. (9) M&A Tax Report. â€Å"Thinking the Unthinkable: Recognizing Gain on a 351 Transfer.† Panel Publishers, n.d. Web. (10) â€Å"Corporate Formation.† Ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of†¦/15†¦/session11.pdf. N.p., n.d. (11) â€Å"Code of Federal Regulations.† Http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2005-title26-vol4/xml/CFR-2005-title26-vol4-sec1-351-1.xml. Title 26 – Internal Revenue. CHAPTER I, n.d. Web.

How does the Bhagavad-Gita reveal fundamental teachings of Hinduism Essay

How does the Bhagavad-Gita reveal fundamental teachings of Hinduism expressed in lyrical format - Essay Example To be specific, Bhagavad-Gita, which is in the form of sermon from the God (Lord Krishna), tends to reduce confusion and ethical predicament faced by Arjuna (the Pandava prince). When this sermon is generalized to the wider context of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism, one can easily identify that Yoga or selfless action is helpful to attain ‘moksha’ or enlightenment. Thesis statement: The fundamental teachings (theories) of Hinduism (say, yoga, karma/dharma and selfless action to attain the divine) are revealed through Bhagavad-Gita because it deals with the scope of the same in human life (special references to Bhagavad-Gita). The fundamental teachings of Hinduism expressed in lyrical format One can see that the fundamental teachings of Hinduism are expressed in lyrical format. For instance, the sacred texts/works in Hinduism like the Ramayana (the story of Rama’s journey), the Mahabharata (related to the dynastic struggle in ancient India), and the Puranas (related to spiritual and theoretical concepts in Hinduism) are expressed in lyrical format, especially in Sanskrit. So, lyrical format is the foundation of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism because the same deeply influenced the oral tradition of chanting mantras in Hinduism. Within this context, the fundamental teachings of Hinduism expressed in lyrical format include: yoga, karma/dharma and the importance of selfless action in human life to attain the divide power or the Brahman. First of all, yoga or unselfish action without considering the consequence is the most important aspect of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism. A yogi (a person who is ready to discard worldly pleasures) can attain moksha because he or she is ready to shed ego. Karma or the amassed liability of one’s actions in day to day life is another important element of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism. To be specific, karma hinders one from attaining moksha. Within this context, dharma or duty min dedness can help one to escape from the cyclic process of birth, death and rebirth. Another important element of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism is selfless action. One can easily identify that Hinduism provides ample importance to selfless action, not idleness. From a different angle of view, yoga and dharma lead one towards selfless action and salvation. Revelation of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism through Bhagavad-Gita The most important elements of the revelation of the fundamental teachings of Hinduism through Bhagavad-Gita can be divided into three: yoga, karma/dharma and the importance of action. A. Yoga The most important aspect of Bhagavad-Gita which reveals the fundamental teachings of Hinduism is yoga. In Bhagavad-Gita, Lord Krishna motivates prince Arjuna by pointing out the importance of yoga in one’s life. When Arjuna hesitates to be the part of the Kurukshetra war against his relatives, Lord Krishna motivates him by creating awareness on the import ance of action in human life. Selfishness cannot help one to attain moksha. Instead, selfless action can help one to realize the eternal truth/enlightenment. Mehta (2005) makes clear that â€Å"according to Gita, work should be performed for its own sake, with whole-hearted attention, unaffected by any thought of success or failure, profit or loss, honor or dishonor, fame or loss of fame etc† (p.39). Yoga is interconnected with devotional service and action in life. Other elements or steps which can help one to be a yogi are meditation and knowledge. To be specific,

Labelling people with disabilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Labelling people with disabilities - Essay Example These facts are significant for there is a need to deviate from the environmental influence to change our perceptions of a person with disability. They should be considered as human beings rather than as labels. Parents should be advised that although it is good to keep their family members with disabilities at home, getting outside services and financial support for their basic needs may be limited. Organizations can influence people to respect the rights of people with disabilities and help them participate in the community through unbiased employment, easy access to public and private accommodations and services. People should know that people with disabilities have the capability to direct their own futures and participate in the community as first-class American citizens as well. Chapter 2 focuses on the reaffirmation of the rights of students with disabilities, including the major provisions of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, characteristics of effective special education, and the current trends in educational services and supports. Clearly, the U.S. Supreme Court states that education is a right and not a privilege (Hardman, Drew & Egan, 2006). ... lities, including non-discriminatory and multidisciplinary assessment, parental safeguards and involvement, individualized education program, and education in the least restrictive environment. Effective special education should have these three characteristics: intensive instruction of instructional experiences, and explicitly teaching academic, adaptive, and/or functional life skills. According to the No Child Left Behind law, the four principles for school accountability are: 1) student achievement as the primary measure of school success, 2) challenging academic standards, 3) extension of the standards to all students, and 4) heavy reliance on achievement testing. These laws, provisions and principles are important in order to promote the rights of people with special needs in education through appropriate programs, services and instruction. Teachers should aim to provide instruction that caters to the students' needs, interests, abilities, and skills. They should also provide practical skills that foster students' participation and involvement in family, school and community life. Most importantly, they should be able to look at students with and without disabilities equally, regardless of the severity of the disability, economic status, ethnic, and racial backgrounds. Timeline of Significant Events in the History of Special Education in APA style (name of student) (name of university) According to Hallahan (2000), exceptional children are always present but Special Education services are not. It was only in the late 18th Century that effective procedures were developed for training exceptional children. The diagram outlines six major events in the history of Special Education. In early B.C, special children were considered as cursed,

Disciplines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disciplines - Essay Example Web development uses system development process. The phases in both software development process and system engineering have some similarities in that they are sequential. These process/phases have to be followed step by step. System engineering is taken to be the first process in the software development life cycle. This is where the requirements of the larger system where the software will be functioning under are considered (Mishra, 2011). Security systems can use the SecSDLC (security system development life cycle) which happens to follow the same methodology as the commonly known SDLC (system development life cycle). Both do consist of the same phases but SecSDLC involves the identification of specific threats as well as the risks that they represent (Charles K., 2013). Sage A. P. (1992). System Engineering, Volume 6 of Wiley series in systems engineering and management. Wiley series in systems engineering, Technology & Engineering Wiley inter-science publication, John Wiley &